![]() ![]() The ~ metacharacter represents the user’s home directories.Single quotes protect all special shell characters, double quotes protect most shell characters (variables are one exception), backquotes perform command substitution ( echo The date is `date`) and backslash protects the next character ( echo You owe \$4.50).The Standard Output and Standard Error of a command may be redirected to a file ( ls –l /Users > usersfile 2> errorfile).The Standard Output of one command may be sent to the Standard Input of another command using a pipe ( | ) symbol ( ps aux | less).Commands may be chained using semicolons ( date who).The help command displays BASH function help ( help echo). The manual pages ( man who) and the info pages ( info who) list most command documentation.Regular options ( -h) and POSIX options ( -help) are listed for most commands. ![]() It’s also important to note that the same syntax rules that you used on Linux apply to BASH on macOS: Instead, you can use the Terminal app ( /Applications/Utilities/Terminal) to obtain a command line terminal and BASH shell.Īlternatively, you can type >console as the username at the macOS login prompt (no password needed) to obtain a login prompt that allows you to log directly into a command line terminal and obtain a BASH shell.Īfter you obtain a BASH shell, you can run many of the same commands you’ve become accustomed to on Linux. But unlike Linux, macOS does not support virtual terminals by default.
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